Sugiro utilizar a ferramenta de tradução na lateral do Blog.
Atenção deve ser dada a outra passagem do Rudolf Steiner sobre o fato de mantermos em nosso sistema neuro-sensorial, nosso carma lunar, ou seja, o carma passado enquanto nosso carma solar está apenas parcialmente rascunhado em nosso sistema metabólico (e membros), o futuro.
Sempre ao olharmos para um ser humano devemos imaginar que estamos diante de um ser com seu carma solar e lunar, e além disto, um ser que tem em si uma gota do divino, do EuSou. O que por vêzes até parece contrassenso quando se trata de seres que não desenvolvem ações benéficas, mesmo quando este ser não almeje desenvolver suas melhores qualidades na Terra.
Sobre a Lei do Karma (Carma) (Karma e Reencarnação para a Ciência Espiritual de Rudolf Steiner)
Em relação ao karma, tudo que é bom, inteligente e verdadeiro realizado
pelo ser humano, fica sob o crédito;
ações malignas ou tolas estão sob o débito. A cada momento, o ser humano é
livre para fazer novas entradas no Livro Cármico da Vida.
Nunca imagine que a vida esteja sob a influência de
uma lei imutável do destino; a liberdade não é prejudicada pela lei do karma. Estudando
a lei do karma portanto, o futuro deve ser fortemente mantido na mente tanto quanto o
passado. Trazendo dentro de nós os efeitos das ações passadas, somos escravos
do passado, mas (ao mesmo tempo) somos os mestres do futuro. Se devemos ter um futuro favorável,
devemos fazer o maior número possível de “entradas” (créditos) no Livro da
Vida/Livro Cármico da Vida.
Fonte: Rudolf Steiner. GA 99. Teosofia do Rosacruz. VII - A
Técnica do Karma - Munique, 31 de maio de 1907. Traduzido por M. Cotterell e D.
S. Osmond.
https://rsarchive.org/lectures/ga099/english/rsp1966/19070531p01.html
On the
Law of destiny
In respect
of karma, everything good, intelligent and true that has been done by a man
stands on the credit side; evil or foolish deeds stand on the debit side. At
every moment he is free to make new entries in the karmic book of life.
It must
never be imagined that life is under the sway of an immutable law of destiny;
freedom is not impaired by the law of karma. In studying the law of karma,
therefore, the future must be borne in mind as strongly as the past. Bearing
within us the effects of past deeds, we are the slaves of the past, but
the masters of the future. If we are to have a favourable future,
we must make as many good entries as possible in the book of life.
Source:
Rudolf Steiner – GA 99 – Theosophy of the Rosicrucian – VII – The
Technique of Karma – Munich, May 31, 1907. Translated by M. Cotterell & D.
S. Osmond
https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA099/English/RSP1966/19070531p01.html
No link acima, você encontra o original em alemão.
***********
In order
that you may better understand the Law of Karma as it works in human life, I
shall speak of what happens immediately after the death of a human being. We
heard of the memory-tableau which appears when he is freed from the physical
body and is living for a short time in the etheric and astral bodies before
passing through the Elemental World.
To help you
to understand the inner working of karma, let me describe a strange feeling
that arises during the experience of this great tableau. It is the feeling of
expansion, growing out of oneself. This feeling becomes stronger and stronger
as long as the human being is living in his etheric body. He has a strange
experience in connection with this tableau. To begin with, he sees pictures of
his past life as in a panorama. Then a moment comes, not very long after death
and lasting for hours, even days, according to the nature of the individuality,
where he feels: I am myself all these pictures. He feels his etheric body
growing and expanding as if it embraced the whole sphere of the Earth, as far
as the Sun.
Then, when
the etheric body has been abandoned, another very remarkable feeling arises. It
is really difficult to describe this feeling in words drawn from the physical
world. It is a feeling of expansion into wide cosmic space but as though one
were not actually within every place. The experience can only be approximately
described. The individual feels as though with one part of his being he were in
Munich, with another part of his being in Mainz, with a third in Basle, and
with another far outside the Earth sphere, perhaps in the Moon. He feels as
though he were dismembered, as though he were not connected with the spaces in
between. That is the peculiar way of experiencing oneself as an astral being,
spread out in space, transferred to different centres, but not filling the
regions between them.
This
experience lasts throughout Kamaloca during which period man is living through
his life backwards to his birth. He lives through all that belongs to his life
and these experiences then become part of the rest of his life in Kamaloca. It
is important to know this in order to picture how the law of Karma works. The
individual feels, at the beginning, as though he were within that human being
with whom he was last connected and then, retrogressively, within all the
persons and other beings with whom he was associated during his life.
Suppose,
for example, you once thrashed a man in Mainz. After your death, when the time
comes, you experience the thrashing you gave him, with its accompanying pain.
If this man is still in Mainz, a part of your astral body after your death
feels as if it were in Mainz, experiencing the event there. If the person you
thrashed has died in the meantime, you feel yourself at the place in Kamaloca
where he now is. You have, of course, been related not only with one but with
many human beings who are scattered over the Earth in Kamaloca. You are
everywhere and this gives rise to the feeling of dismemberment of the bodily
nature in Kamaloca. It is thereby possible for you to experience, within all
these others, the associations you had with them, and you thus form a lasting
connection with everyone with whom you have come into contact. You have a tie
with this man whom you thrashed because you have lived with him in Kamaloca.
Later on you pass into Devachan and then, in turn, back through Kamaloca. Now,
during the process of up-building, your astral body once again finds the ties
which bind it to the man with whom you were united. And since there are many
such connections you see you are linked by a kind of bond with everything with
which you were associated.
The event
observed by occult sight of which I told you in the last lecture, offers a
clear explanation here. Five Vehmic judges in the Middle Ages condemned a man
to death and executed the sentence themselves. In his previous life, this man
had been a kind of Chief and had ordered the death of the five. Then the Chief
died and passed into Kamaloca. During this period he was transported into the
others at the place where they now were and he was obliged himself to
experience what they had felt when they had been put to death. This is the
starting-point of forces of attraction which bring human beings together when
they return to the Earth, in order that the law of Karma may be fulfilled.
Such is the
technique of karma, the way in which karma works. You see from this that there
are forms of existence, kindred ties, which begin already on the astral plane.
On the physical plane there is continuity of substance; on the astral plane,
however, related yet separated parts of the bodily nature may be experienced.
It is as if you were to feel your head, then nothing at all between head and
heart, then the heart, then the feet, with nothing between heart and feet. One
part of you may be in America, quite separated from but yet belonging to your
astral being; another part may be on the Moon and a third on yet another
planet; there need be no visible astral connection between these parts of your
being.
This view
of the law of Karma makes it clear that what arises in one human life-cycle is
the outcome of many causes which lie in past lives. How is the law of Karma to
be reconciled with heredity? It is said that there are many contradictions
between heredity and this law.
People are
apt to say of a gifted man that he must be the offspring of a gifted family,
that he must have inherited his talents from his forefathers. When we observe
the physical processes from the occult standpoint we know that it is not like
this. We can, however, in a certain sense speak of processes of physical
heredity, and we will take an example.
Within a
period of 250 years, twenty-nine musicians were born in the Bach family, among
them the great Bach. A good musician needs not only the inner musical faculty
but also a well-formed physical ear, a special form of ear. Laymen cannot
perceive the differences here; it is necessary to look very deeply, with occult
powers. Although the differences are very slight, a particular inner form of
the organ of hearing is necessary if a man is to become a musician, and these
forms are transmitted by heredity they resemble those which have been present
in the father, grandfather and so on.
Suppose
that on the astral plane there is an individual who acquired great musical
faculties hundreds or thousands of years ago; he is ready for reincarnation and
is seeking a physical body. If he cannot find a physical body possessing
suitable ears, he cannot be a musician. He must look around for a family which
will provide the musical ear; without it his musical talents could not
manifest, for the greatest virtuoso can do nothing unless he has an instrument.
Mathematical
talent also needs something quite specific. A particular construction of the
brain is not, as many people think, necessary for mathematicians. Thinking,
logic, is the same in the mathematician as in others. What is needed here is a
special development of the three semi-circular canals in the ear which lie in
the three directions of space. Special development of these canals determines
mathematical talent—herein lies the gift for mathematics. This is a physical
organ and its form must be transmitted by heredity. It will be remembered that
eight first-class mathematicians were born in the Bernoulli family.
A man of
high moral principles also needs parents who transmit a physical body suitable
for the functioning of his moral gifts. And he has these parents and no others
because he is this particular kind of individuality.
The
individuality himself seeks his parents, although under the guidance of higher
Beings. From the point of view of mother-love many people take exception to
this fact. They are fearful that they might lose something if the child were
not to inherit certain qualities from the mother. True knowledge, however
deepens mother-love, for it reveals that this love is present before birth,
even before conception, as a force which guided the child to the mother. The
child loves the mother even before birth and mother-love is the reciprocal
force. Spiritually regarded, therefore, mother-love extends to the time before
birth; it is rooted in mutual feelings of love.
It is often
imagined that the human being is subject to the irrevocable law of karma in
which nothing can be changed. Let us take a simile from everyday life to
explain the working of this law.
A merchant
makes entries of debits and credits in his account books; taken together, these
entries tell him the state of his business. The financial state of his business
is subject to the inexorable law governing the calculation of debit and credit.
If he carries through new transactions he can make additional entries and he
would be a fool if he were unwilling to embark on other business because a
balance was once drawn up. In respect of karma, everything good, intelligent
and true that has been done by a man stands on the credit side; evil or foolish
deeds stand on the debit side. At every moment he is free to make new entries
in the karmic book of life. It must never be imagined that life is under the
sway of an immutable law of destiny; freedom is not impaired by the law of
karma. In studying the law of karma, therefore, the future must be borne in
mind as strongly as the past. Bearing within us the effects of past deeds, we
are the slaves of the past, but the masters of the future.
If we are to have a favourable future, we must make as many good entries as
possible in the book of life.
It is a
great and potent thought to know that nothing we do is in vain, that everything
has its effect in the future. The law of karma is the reverse of depressing; it
fills us with splendid hope and knowledge of it is the most precious gift of
Spiritual Science. It brings happiness inasmuch as it opens out a vista into
the future. It charges us to be active for its sake; there is nothing in it
whatever to make us sad, nothing which could give the world a pessimistic
colouring; it lends wings to our will to co-operate in the evolution of the
earth. Such are the feelings into which knowledge of the law of karma must be
translated.
When a
human being is suffering, people sometimes say: “He deserves his suffering and
must bear his karma; if I help him, I am interfering with his karma.” This is
nonsense. His poverty, his misery is caused through his earlier life, but if I
help him, new entries will be made in his book of life; my help brings him
forward. It would be foolish to say to a merchant who could be saved from
disaster by 1,000 or 10,000 Marks: “No, for that would alter your balance.” It
is precisely this possibility of altering the balance that should induce us to
help a man. I help him because I know that nothing is without its karmic
effect. This knowledge should spur us on to purposeful action.
Many people
dispute the law of karma from the standpoint of Christianity. Theologians
maintain that Christianity cannot acknowledge this law because it is
irreconcilable with the principle of the vicarious Death. And there are even
certain Theosophists who say that the law of karma contradicts the principle of
the Redemption, that they cannot acknowledge the help given to the many by an
individual. Both are wrong for neither has understood the law of karma.
Suppose
some human being is in distress. You yourselves are in a more fortunate
position and can help him. By your help you make a new entry in his book of
life. A more influential person can help two, and affect the karma of both of
them. A man who is still more powerful can help ten or a hundred people and the
most powerful can help unnumbered human beings.
This does
not by any means run counter to the principle of karmic connections. Precisely
because of the absolute reliability of the law of karma we know that this help
does indeed influence the destiny of the human being.
Mankind was
verily in need of help when the Christ was sent to this plane. The death on the
Cross of the Redeemer, of the one central Being, was the help that intervened
in the karma of untold numbers of men. There is no variance between Christian
Esotericism and Spiritual Science when both are rightly understood. There is
profound agreement between the laws of both and we are by no means obliged to
abandon the principle of the Redemption.
We
penetrate still more deeply into the law of karma when we study the evolution
of humanity as well as the evolution of the Earth. We have considered certain
facts which help us to understand this law of karma, and we shall understand it
still better when we pass on to the evolution of humanity itself, not only
during the Earth period but also during the other planetary incarnations of the
Earth. We shall discover certain supplementary details of this law when we go
back to ages in the remote past and receive indications, too, about the far
future. By way of introduction we will consider a fact of great significance.
We have
realised from what has been said that the external, physical body of man—the
part of him that we see with physical eyes—is built up by the higher members of
his being; Ego, astral body, etheric body and all the members up to Atma, the
highest of them, work at the physical body. The various parts of the body, as
they exist in the human being today, are not of equal but of different value in
his nature. Even superficial thought will make us realise that the physical
body is the most perfect part of our nature. Take, for example, a part of the
thigh-bone. This is not simply a compact, solid bone, but full of artistry,
constructed as it were of intersecting beams. Anyone who studies this bone not
only with the intellect but also with feeling will marvel at the wisdom which,
in its creation, has used no more material than is essential to support the
upper body with the smallest possible amount of power. No engineering art
applied to the building of a bridge is equal to the wisdom that has brought
such a bone into existence!
If we
investigate the human heart, but not merely with the eye of the anatomist or
physiologist, we shall find here an expression of sublime wisdom. Do not
imagine that the astral body of man today is as far advanced in development as
the physical heart. The heart has been built up with art and with wisdom; the
astral body, with its desires, induces the human being to pour definite
heart-poison into himself for many decades, but the heart withstands it for
many decades. Only at a future stage of evolution will the astral body have
reached the stage of development of the physical body today, and then it will
be at a far, far higher level than the physical body. Today the physical body
is the most perfect; the etheric body is less perfect, the astral body still
less perfect, and the Ego is the “baby” among the bodies.
The
physical body as it is today, is the oldest member of man's being; work has
been performed on it for the longest period of time and not until it had
reached a certain stage in the course of evolution was it permeated by the
etheric body. When these two bodies had worked together for a time, the astral
body was added, and then, finally, the “I”, which in the future will attain
undreamed of heights of development. Just as the human being has repeated
incarnations, so, too, the Earth, has passed through incarnations and will pass
through still others in the future. Reincarnation is enacted throughout the
Cosmos. Our Earth in its present form is the reincarnation of earlier planetary
bodies of which there have been three. Before our Earth became Earth, it was
what is called by occultism—not by Astronomy—the Moon. The present Moon is as
it were a body of dross which was discarded as useless.
If we could
mingle Earth and Moon, together with all their substances and all their beings,
we should have the “occult Moon”—the forerunner of the Earth; the Earth of
today is the remnant of the Old Moon that remained after the dross had been
thrown off just as the Moon of today is a discarded remnant of the Old Moon
incarnation of the Earth, so is the Sun in the heavens a body that proceeded
from a still earlier condition of the Earth. Before the Earth was Moon, it was,
as we say in Occultism, Sun, and this Sun was composed of all the substances
and beings which today form Sun, Moon and Earth. This Sun released itself from
the substances and beings which form the Earth and the Moon of today, which it
could not, as a higher celestial body, retain and it thereby became a fixed
star. Occultists know that a fixed star need not always have been a fixed star.
The Sun only became a fixed star after having been a planet.
The Sun we
see today was once united with the Earth and took with it many beings who were
at a higher stage of development than the beings of the Earth; just as with the
Moon that we see went the interior portions and the Moon is therefore a body of
discarded dross. The Moon is a planet that has degenerated; the Sun is a body
that has ascended.
The Sun
existence was preceded by the Saturn existence. Thus there are our consecutive
incarnations of the Earth: Saturn, Sun, Moon, Earth. When the forerunner of the
human being was developing on Saturn, his only principle was that of the
physical body; the etheric body was added on the Sun, the astral body on the
Moon, and the “I” on the Earth.
The lecture
entitled “Blood is a very special fluid” will have shown you how intimately the
“I” is connected with the blood. This blood was not within the human body
before the embodiment of an Ego, so that this red human blood is connected with
the evolution of the Earth as such. It could not have been formed at all if the
Earth, in its evolutionary course, had not come together with another planet,
namely, with Mars. Before this contact of the Earth with Mars, the Earth had no
iron; there was no iron in the blood; the blood upon which the human being is
dependent today, did not exist. In the first half of Earth existence, the
influence of the planet Mars is the ruling factor, and the influence of the
planet Mercury in the second half.
Mars has
given iron to the Earth and the Mercury influence manifests on the Earth in
such a way that it makes the human soul more and more free, more and more
independent. In occultism therefore, we speak of the Mars half of Earth
evolution and of the Mercury half. Whereas the other names describe a whole
planet, Earth evolution is spoken of as “Mars-Mercury.” Used in this connection
the names do not designate the planets we know today but the influences at work
during the first and second halves of Earth evolution.
In the
future the Earth will incarnate as a new planetary body, known as Jupiter. The
human astral body then will have developed to a stage where it no longer
confronts the physical body as an enemy, as is the case today, but it will
still not have reached its highest stage. The etheric body on Jupiter will have
reached the stage at which the physical body is now, for it will then have
three planetary evolutions behind it as the physical body has today.
On the
planetary body following Jupiter, the astral body will have developed as far as
the physical body of today; it will have behind it the Moon, Earth and Jupiter
evolutions and will have reached the Venus evolution. The final planetary
incarnation will be that of Vulcan, when the “I”, the Ego, will have attained
the highest stage of its development. The future incarnations of the Earth will
thus be: Jupiter, Venus and Vulcan. These designations are also found in the
names of the days of the week.
There was a
time when the names of the things and facts around us in our lives were given
by the Initiates. Men have no inner feeling today of the way in which names
really belong to things. The names given to the days of the week were meant to
be reminders to human beings of their development through the evolutionary
stages of the Earth.
Saturday
(Sonnabend) is Saturn-day; Sunday (Sonntag) = Sun-day; Monday (Montag) =
Moon-day. Then Mars and Mercury, the two conditions of our Earth. Mars-day
(Dienstag) = Tuesday, in old German Ziu—Dinstag; in French, Mardi, in Italian
Martedi. Wednesday (Mittwoch) is Mercury-day, in Italian Mercoledi, in French
Mercredi; Mercury is the same as Wotan; Tacitus speaks of Wotan's day, in
English Wednesday. Then comes the Jupiter day; Jupiter is the Germanic Donar,
hence Donnerstag, in French Jeudi, in Italian Giovedi. Then Venus-day; Venus is
the Germanic Freia; Freitag, in French Vendredi and in Italian Venerdi.
Thus in the
names of the consecutive days of the week we have reminders of the development
of the Earth through its different incarnations.
GA 99 A Teosofia dos Rosacruz
- Theosophy of the Rosicrucian
https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA099/English/RSP1966/TheRos_index.html
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I.
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The New Form of Wisdom
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May 22, 1907
|
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II.
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The Ninefold Constitution of Man
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May 25, 1907
|
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III.
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The Elemental World and the Heaven
World. Waking Life, Sleep and Death
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May 26, 1907
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IV.
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The Descent to a New Birth
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May 28, 1907
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V.
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Mans Communal Life Between Death
and a New Birth. Birth into the Physical World
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May 29, 1907
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VI.
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The
Law of Destiny
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May 30, 1907
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VII.
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The
Technique of Karma
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May 31, 1907
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VIII.
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Human Consciousness in the Seven
Planetary Conditions
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June 01, 1907
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IX.
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Planetary
Evolution I
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June 02, 1907
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X.
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Planetary
Evolution II
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June 03, 1907
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XI.
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Evolution of Mankind on the Earth
I
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June 04, 1907
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XII.
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Evolution of Mankind on the Earth
II
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June 04, 1907
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XIII.
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The
Future of Man
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June 05, 1907
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XIV.
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The
Nature of Initiation
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June 06, 1907
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Sobre o Karma, existem séries de palestras de Rudolf Steiner, sob o enfoque da Metodologia de Pesquisa da Ciência Espiritual. Para criticá-la, primeiro você necessita conhecer esta Metodologia de Pesquisa de Rudolf Steiner e Goethe.
Em Inglês, com a ferramenta de tradução do Google que não é lá estas coisas... mas ajuda a dar uma idéia aproximada do assunto, você pode consultar o SEARCH no rsarchive.org
Em Português, consulte a Editora Antroposófica. https://www.antroposofica.com.br/
